Essential Questions

• 1. NOAA: who are they, and what do they do?

NOAA stands for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. NOAA scientists study the skies and the oceans. They also protects the coasts and beaches to make sure the sand and water are clean.

• 1. The intensity of a sonar echo tells scientists what?

The intensity of a sonar echo tells scientists that they can have detailed structure of the sand.

• 1. How does an R.O.V. assist scientists?

This robot help scientists to have a sound and also ultrasound of underwater. The ROV was designed for aquatic work environments.

• 1. Why are these studies important to society?

Is too important because they can find important data and how the oceans works.

Essential Question.

• Bathymetry: what is it (define the word)? What’s the difference between a bathymetric map and a topographic map

Bathymetry is the measurement of the depth of water in oceans, rivers, or lakes. The difference between a bathymetric map and a topographic map is that bathymetric maps connect points of equal depth and topographic map, the lines connect points of equalelevation.

• How did Oceanographers map the ocean floor in the past, and what were the results?

In the past, scientists would conduct bathymetric measurements by throwing a heavy rope over the side of a ship and recording the length of rope it took to reach the seafloor. To get a clear picture of the seafloor, scientists would have had to take thousands of rope measurements. 

• How do oceanographers map the oceans now, and how accurate and effective is this method?

Now, oceanographers map the oceans use  echo sounders to make bathymetric measurements. An echo sounder sends out a sound pulse from a ship’s hull, or bottom, to the ocean floor. An echo sounder is able to measure a small area of the seafloor. However, the accuracy of these measurements is still limited. 

• Why are multibeam echo sounders so effective?

Multibeam echo sounders are so effective because they can also provide information about the physical characteristics of a seafloor feature.

• What’s an example of an underwater discovery that was made possible by multibeam echo sounders?

For example, thousands of seamounts were discovered in the central Pacific Ocean, near the U.S. state of Hawaii.

• Why do oceanographers map the oceans below the surface? Why is this important to society?

Because their bathymetric measurements support safe navigation and protect marine environments around the globe. 

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Mid - Term Exam Reflection.

I think that as a test - taker, I need to improve my read and compression. For example some questions confuse me, I really understood the question but the answers doesn't help to answer the question. Questions as 15, 25, 30 and 16, was one of those questions that confuse me, when I try to answer them. Also question #12, I was right but some mechanical problem with the machine. I hope in the future do better.